{"id":486,"date":"2018-01-26T20:38:49","date_gmt":"2018-01-26T20:38:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/cultoural.com\/wp\/?p=486"},"modified":"2018-01-27T15:36:28","modified_gmt":"2018-01-27T15:36:28","slug":"dachau-more-than-a-concentration-camp-a-school-of-violence","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cultoural.com\/wp\/en\/2018\/01\/26\/dachau-more-than-a-concentration-camp-a-school-of-violence\/","title":{"rendered":"Dachau: more than a concentration camp, a Nazi school of violence"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

\u2018And there where terror was imposed, conscience is now created\u2019<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

We have all heard about the concentration camps: one of the most horrific, known and studied systems of oppression in our recent history. Because of the closeness of January 27th, the annual International Commemoration Day in memory of the victims of the Holocaust, we present you the Commemorative Space of Dachau in Germany.<\/p>\n

What is the importance of Dachau?<\/span>
\nEstablished in March 1933, this was the first concentration camp (initially created for political prisoners), used as a \u201cschool of violence” and role model by the \u201cSchutzstaffel\u201d or “Protection Squadron\u201d. Known as SS, this was the organization responsible for most of the genocidal killing during the Holocaust and the Adolf Hitler Nazi regime. Dachau\u2019s camp system grew to include more than 100 satellite or sub-camps and just like all the other concentration camps: it was not subjected to German law, which allowed ALL kinds of atrocities to happen. During its twelve years (nearly all the Nazi regime) more than 200,000 people from all over Europe were imprisoned there, of these around 41,500 were murdered and the official numbers would have risen, had it not been for the arrival of the troops who, in April 1945, freed the survivors.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Who was sent to these camps?<\/span>
\nCommunists, religious leaders and believers (specially Jews), criminals, foreigners, functionaries from previous governments, homosexuals and basically anyone who spoke against the regime or who was considered to \u2018endanger the security of the state\u2019.<\/p>\n

What happened in there?<\/span>
\nOnce the prisoners entered the facilities, which clearly stated on the gate: “Arbeit macht frei” (“Work shall set you free\u201d), they were stripped from all their possessions (including their clothing), divided into categories and used as slave labor. Brutal medical experiments including hypothermia, reviving attempts and altitude tests took place among the facilities which conditions were beneath human dignity, not only because of the poor sanitation, but also for the fact of being constantly overcrowded.<\/p>\n

While those inmates that were deemed unfit were killed by poison gas, many others died of malnutrition, diseases, overwork or were executed in the courtyard to set the example. Many committed suicide, either by defying the authority of their oppressors, entering \u2018forbidden areas\u2019 or throwing themselves to the electrical fence and therefore having an \u2018instant death\u2019.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

In those lands where so much blood was spilled and souls were broken, there is since 1965 a commemorative space with a museographic exhibition that illustrates the history and composition of the Dachau concentration camp and that guides its visitors through the “prisoner’s path\u201d. Its objective is to preserve the evidence of the crimes of the National Socialism, to keep alive the memory of the victims’ suffering and to use these spaces as places of learning for the future generations.<\/p>\n

What can you expect from a visit to Dachau?<\/span>
\nThe visit allows you to get to know the bunker or old prison of the camp, the barracks, the crematory areas and the facilities \/ security measures that were taken in the complex, as well as exhibitions (both temporary and permanent) and of course, the horrific entrance and reception process of the prisoners.<\/p>\n

What is recommended before going?<\/span>
\nThe most important thing is to prepare yourself emotionally because the details that are learned and illustrated during the journey are horrible and highly shocking. If you are going with a group it is recommended to check in advance the possibility of having a private guide and, whatever the case may be, it is preferable that you try to study the subject, even if minimally, to better understand its context. Given the nature of this place we also suggest to make your actions pay respect to the victims and a good way to do it is, for example, to avoid making cruel jokes or taking smiley ‘selfies’.<\/p>\n

From Cultoural.com<\/a> we invite you to learn about this dark chapter of the past, so we can avoid its repetition in the future. In case you can not go physically you can do the Virtual Tour via: https:\/\/www.kz-gedenkstaette-dachau.de\/virtual_tour.html<\/a><\/p>\n

Photos: \u00a9 2018. Maricha Mart\u00ednez Sosa \/ Roland Liebetrau.<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Dachau: m\u00e1s que un campo de concentraci\u00f3n, una escuela Nazi de violencia.<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
\n

‘Y all\u00ed donde se impuso el terror, ahora se crea conciencia’<\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Todos hemos o\u00eddo hablar de los campos de concentraci\u00f3n: uno de los m\u00e1s horrorosos, conocidos y estudiados sistemas de opresi\u00f3n de nuestra historia reciente. Debido a la cercan\u00eda del 27 de enero, D\u00eda de Conmemoraci\u00f3n Internacional anual en memoria de las v\u00edctimas del Holocausto, les presentamos el Espacio Conmemorativo de Dachau en Alemania.<\/p>\n

\u00bfCu\u00e1l es la importancia de Dachau?<\/span>
\nEstablecido en marzo de 1933, este fue el primer campo de concentraci\u00f3n (inicialmente creado para presos pol\u00edticos), utilizado como una “escuela de violencia” y modelo a seguir por el “Schutzstaffel” o “Escuadr\u00f3n de Protecci\u00f3n”. Conocida como SS, esta fue la organizaci\u00f3n responsable de la mayor\u00eda de los asesinatos genocidas durante el Holocausto y el r\u00e9gimen nazi de Adolf Hitler. El sistema de campamento de Dachau creci\u00f3 para incluir m\u00e1s 100 sat\u00e9lites o subcampos y al igual que todos los dem\u00e1s campos de concentraci\u00f3n: no estaba sujeto a la ley alemana, lo que permiti\u00f3 que all\u00ed ocurrieran TODO tipo de atrocidades. Durante sus doce a\u00f1os (casi todo el r\u00e9gimen nazi) m\u00e1s de 200,000 personas de toda Europa fueron encarceladas all\u00ed y en sus campos subsidiarios, de los cuales alrededor de 41,500 fueron asesinados y estos n\u00fameros oficiales habr\u00edan aumentado, de no haber sido por la llegada de las tropas que, en abril de 1945, liberaron a los sobrevivientes.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00bfQui\u00e9nes eran enviados a estos campos?<\/span>
\nComunistas, l\u00edderes y creyentes religiosos (especialmente jud\u00edos), criminales, extranjeros , funcionarios de gobiernos anteriores, homosexuales y b\u00e1sicamente cualquiera que hablara en contra del r\u00e9gimen o que se considerara que “pon\u00eda en peligro la seguridad del Estado”.<\/p>\n

\u00bfQu\u00e9 suced\u00eda all\u00ed?<\/span>
\nUna vez que los prisioneros eran ingresados en las instalaciones, que claramente indicaban en la puerta: “Arbeit macht frei” (“El trabajo les har\u00e1 libres\u201d), eran despojados de todas sus posesiones (incluida su ropa), divididos en categor\u00edas y utilizados como mano de obra esclava. Experimentos m\u00e9dicos brutales que incluyeron hipotermia, intentos de reanimaci\u00f3n y pruebas de altitud tuvieron lugar en las instalaciones, cuyas condiciones estaban por debajo de lo aceptable para la dignidad humana, no solo por la falta de saneamiento, sino tambi\u00e9n por el hecho de estar constantemente superpobladas.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Mientras los presos que eran consideraros no aptos eran asesinados v\u00eda gas venenoso, muchos otros murieron por desnutrici\u00f3n, enfermedades, exceso de trabajo o fueron ejecutados en el patio para dar el ejemplo. Muchos se suicidaron desafiando la autoridad de sus opresores, entrando en “\u00e1reas prohibidas” o arroj\u00e1ndose a la valla el\u00e9ctrica y por lo tanto teniendo una “muerte instant\u00e1nea”.<\/p>\n

En aquellos terrenos donde tanta sangre se derram\u00f3 y tantas almas fueron rotas, existe desde 1965 un espacio conmemorativo con una exposici\u00f3n museogr\u00e1fica que ilustra la historia y la composici\u00f3n del campo de concentraci\u00f3n de Dachau y que gu\u00eda a sus visitantes a trav\u00e9s del “camino del prisionero”. Su objetivo es preservar la evidencia de los cr\u00edmenes del nacionalsocialismo, mantener vivo el recuerdo del sufrimiento de las v\u00edctimas y utilizar estos espacios como lugares de aprendizaje para las generaciones futuras.<\/p>\n

\u00bfQu\u00e9 se puede esperar de una visita a Dachau?<\/span>
\nLa visita te permite conocer el b\u00fanker o la antigua prisi\u00f3n del campo, los cuarteles, las \u00e1reas de crematorios y las instalaciones \/ medidas de seguridad que se tomaban en el complejo, as\u00ed como exposiciones (tanto temporales como permanentes) y, por supuesto, el escalofriante proceso de entrada y recepci\u00f3n de los prisioneros.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00bfQu\u00e9 se recomienda antes de ir?<\/span>
\nLo m\u00e1s importante es prepararse emocionalmente pues son horribles y altamente impactantes los detalles que se aprenden e ilustran durante el recorrido. Si vas a ir con un grupo, se recomienda verificar con anticipaci\u00f3n la posibilidad de tener un gu\u00eda privado y, sea cual sea el caso, es preferible que intentes estudiar el tema, aunque sea m\u00ednimamente, para comprender mejor su contexto. Dada la naturaleza de este lugar, tambi\u00e9n sugerimos que tus acciones rindan respeto a las v\u00edctimas y una buena forma de hacerlo es, por ejemplo, evitar hacer bromas crueles o tomar ‘selfies’ sonrientes.<\/p>\n

Desde Cultoural.com<\/a> te invitamos a aprender sobre este oscuro cap\u00edtulo del pasado, para evitar su repetici\u00f3n en el futuro. Y, en caso de que no puedas ir f\u00edsicamente, puedes hacer el recorrido virtual a trav\u00e9s de: https:\/\/www.kz-gedenkstaette-dachau.de\/virtual_tour.html<\/a><\/p>\n

Fotos: \u00a9 2018. Maricha Mart\u00ednez Sosa \/ Roland Liebetrau.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u2018And there where terror was imposed, conscience is now created\u2019 We have all heard about the concentration camps: one of the most horrific, known and studied systems of oppression in our recent history. Because of the closeness of January 27th,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":482,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[176],"tags":[385,383,96,190,155,387,389,381],"class_list":["post-486","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-europe-en","tag-concentration-camp","tag-dachau","tag-europe-en","tag-germany-en","tag-history-en","tag-holocaust","tag-munich","tag-nazi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cultoural.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/486","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cultoural.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cultoural.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cultoural.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cultoural.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=486"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/cultoural.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/486\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":535,"href":"https:\/\/cultoural.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/486\/revisions\/535"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cultoural.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/482"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cultoural.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=486"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cultoural.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=486"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cultoural.com\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=486"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}